Why were the Cisco exam dumps removed from the examcollection site?

Answer

It is clear that CISCO Taken defensive measures against examcollection:

where Cisco officials say before they are well aware of the problem and are tackling it on many levels, from changes in the tests that minimize cheating, to penalties levied against individual cheaters and legal actions against braindump sites.[1]

This link has the court documents with date June 26, 2015:

https://ecf.ctd.uscourts.gov/cgi...

Footnotes

[1] Cisco tackles certification exam cheating

Why do we need CCNA?

Answer 

When you talk about building a career in IT, the first thing that pops up in your mind is software. But the truth is that today hardware and networking jobs are among the topmost career fields that young professionals are looking at. And when the word ‘networking’ is on your mind, then it is none other than Cisco networks. Taking up the CCNA certification and training course assures a high level of knowledge in computer systems. More importantly, a CCNA course proves that you are well-skilled and trained under Cisco Systems, which is a worldwide leader in the IT domain. Read further to learn why you should do CCNA, which is one of the renowned and best IT courses in the world.

• Why should you do a CCNA course?

Doing a CCNA course not only provides knowledge and skills but also offers a ticket to success. It means that the moment your resume has a CCNA certification course by an authorized Cisco learning center such as Jetking, the best multinational companies would be glad to have you onboard. As a CCNA candidate, you would get a job faster than any other individual. Those who specialize in the various courses offered by CCNA have better job opportunities.
The industry requirement for CCNA certified people has increased. Today, recruiters are looking for competent individuals who have an edge over others. They seek those certified networking professionals who have an advanced knowledge of protocols. Once you receive this high-grade recognition, you will get the confidence to opt for better career prospects. In fact, you will observe that with the right efforts and dedication, you would be able to excel in your field.[1]

Footnotes

[1] The scope of jobs after completing the CCNA course |

Why do Cisco engineers get paid so much?

Answer

This because “Supply and demand principle”

Supply and demand is perhaps one of the most fundamental concepts of economics and it is the backbone of a market economy. Demand refers to how much (quantity) of a product or service is desired by buyers. The quantity demanded is the amount of a product people are willing to buy at a certain price; the relationship between price and quantity demanded is known as the demand relationship. Supply represents how much the market can offer. The quantity supplied refers to the amount of a certain good producers are willing to supply when receiving a certain price. The correlation between price and how much of a good or service is supplied to the market is known as the supply relationship. Price, therefore, is a reflection of supply and demand.

The relationship between demand and supply underlie the forces behind the allocation of resources. In market economy theories, demand and supply theory will allocate resources in the most efficient way possible. How? Let us take a closer look at the law of demand and the law of supply.

A. The Law of Demand
The law of demand states that, if all other factors remain equal, the higher the price of a good, the less people will demand that good. In other words, the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded. The amount of a good that buyers purchase at a higher price is less because as the price of a good goes up, so does the opportunity cost of buying that good. As a result, people will naturally avoid buying a product that will force them to forgo the consumption of something else they value more. The chart below shows that the curve is a downward slope.

A, B and C are points on the demand curve. Each point on the curve reflects a direct correlation between quantity demanded (Q) and price (P). So, at point A, the quantity demanded will be Q1 and the price will be P1, and so on. The demand relationship curve illustrates the negative relationship between price and quantity demanded. The higher the price of a good the lower the quantity demanded (A), and the lower the price, the more the good will be in demand (C).

B. The Law of Supply 
Like the law of demand, the law of supply demonstrates the quantities that will be sold at a certain price. But unlike the law of demand, the supply relationship shows an upward slope. This means that the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied. Producers supply more at a higher price because selling a higher quantity at a higher price increases revenue.

A, B and C are points on the supply curve. Each point on the curve reflects a direct correlation between quantity supplied (Q) and price (P). At point B, the quantity supplied will be Q2 and the price will be P2, and so on. (To learn how economic factors are used in currency trading, read Forex Walkthrough: Economics.)

Time and Supply
Unlike the demand relationship, however, the supply relationship is a factor of time. Time is important to supply because suppliers must, but cannot always, react quickly to a change in demand or price. So it is important to try and determine whether a price change that is caused by demand will be temporary or permanent.

Let's say there's a sudden increase in the demand and price for umbrellas in an unexpected rainy season; suppliers may simply accommodate demand by using their production equipment more intensively. If, however, there is a climate change, and the population will need umbrellas year-round, the change in demand and price will be expected to be long term; suppliers will have to change their equipment and production facilities in order to meet the long-term levels of demand.

C. Supply and Demand Relationship 
Now that we know the laws of supply and demand, let's turn to an example to show how supply and demand affect price.

Imagine that a special edition CD of your favorite band is released for $20. Because the record company's previous analysis showed that consumers will not demand CDs at a price higher than $20, only ten CDs were released because the opportunity cost is too high for suppliers to produce more. If, however, the ten CDs are demanded by 20 people, the price will subsequently rise because, according to the demand relationship, as demand increases, so does the price. Consequently, the rise in price should prompt more CDs to be supplied as the supply relationship shows that the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied.

If, however, there are 30 CDs produced and demand is still at 20, the price will not be pushed up because the supply more than accommodates demand. In fact after the 20 consumers have been satisfied with their CD purchases, the price of the leftover CDs may drop as CD producers attempt to sell the remaining ten CDs. The lower price will then make the CD more available to people who had previously decided that the opportunity cost of buying the CD at $20 was too high.

D. Equilibrium
When supply and demand are equal (i.e. when the supply function and demand function intersect) the economy is said to be at equilibrium. At this point, the allocation of goods is at its most efficient because the amount of goods being supplied is exactly the same as the amount of goods being demanded. Thus, everyone (individuals, firms, or countries) is satisfied with the current economic condition. At the given price, suppliers are selling all the goods that they have produced and consumers are getting all the goods that they are demanding.

As you can see on the chart, equilibrium occurs at the intersection of the demand and supply curve, which indicates no allocative inefficiency. At this point, the price of the goods will be P* and the quantity will be Q*. These figures are referred to as equilibrium price and quantity.

In the real market place equilibrium can only ever be reached in theory, so the prices of goods and services are constantly changing in relation to fluctuations in demand and supply.

E. Disequilibrium

Disequilibrium occurs whenever the price or quantity is not equal to P* or Q*.

1. Excess Supply
If the price is set too high, excess supply will be created within the economy and there will be allocative inefficiency.

At price P1 the quantity of goods that the producers wish to supply is indicated by Q2. At P1, however, the quantity that the consumers want to consume is at Q1, a quantity much less than Q2. Because Q2 is greater than Q1, too much is being produced and too little is being consumed. The suppliers are trying to produce more goods, which they hope to sell to increase profits, but those consuming the goods will find the product less attractive and purchase less because the price is too high.

2. Excess Demand
Excess demand is created when price is set below the equilibrium price. Because the price is so low, too many consumers want the good while producers are not making enough of it.

In this situation, at price P1, the quantity of goods demanded by consumers at this price is Q2. Conversely, the quantity of goods that producers are willing to produce at this price is Q1. Thus, there are too few goods being produced to satisfy the wants (demand) of the consumers. However, as consumers have to compete with one other to buy the good at this price, the demand will push the price up, making suppliers want to supply more and bringing the price closer to its equilibrium.

F. Shifts vs. Movement 
For economics, the "movements" and "shifts" in relation to the supply and demand curves represent very different market phenomena:

1. Movements
A movement refers to a change along a curve. On the demand curve, a movement denotes a change in both price and quantity demanded from one point to another on the curve. The movement implies that the demand relationship remains consistent. Therefore, a movement along the demand curve will occur when the price of the good changes and the quantity demanded changes in accordance to the original demand relationship. In other words, a movement occurs when a change in the quantity demanded is caused only by a change in price, and vice versa.

Like a movement along the demand curve, a movement along the supply curve means that the supply relationship remains consistent. Therefore, a movement along the supply curve will occur when the price of the good changes and the quantity supplied changes in accordance to the original supply relationship. In other words, a movement occurs when a change in quantity supplied is caused only by a change in price, and vice versa.

2. Shifts
A shift in a demand or supply curve occurs when a good's quantity demanded or supplied changes even though price remains the same. For instance, if the price for a bottle of beer was $2 and the quantity of beer demanded increased from Q1 to Q2, then there would be a shift in the demand for beer. Shifts in the demand curve imply that the original demand relationship has changed, meaning that quantity demand is affected by a factor other than price. A shift in the demand relationship would occur if, for instance, beer suddenly became the only type of alcohol available for consumption.

Conversely, if the price for a bottle of beer was $2 and the quantity supplied decreased from Q1 to Q2, then there would be a shift in the supply of beer. Like a shift in the demand curve, a shift in the supply curve implies that the original supply curve has changed, meaning that the quantity supplied is effected by a factor other than price. A shift in the supply curve would occur if, for instance, a natural disaster caused a mass shortage of hops; beer manufacturers would be forced to supply less beer for the same price.

[1]

Footnotes

[1] Economics Basics: Supply and Demand | Investopedia

Is CCNA have a good scope?

Answer

Yes, of course

When you talk about building a career in IT, the first thing that pops up in your mind is software. But the truth is that today hardware and networking jobs are among the topmost career fields that young professionals are looking at. And when the word ‘networking’ is on your mind, then it is none other than Cisco networks. Taking up the CCNA certification and training course assures a high level of knowledge in computer systems. More importantly, a CCNA course proves that you are well-skilled and trained under Cisco Systems, which is a worldwide leader in the IT domain. Read further to learn why you should do CCNA, which is one of the renowned and best IT courses in the world.[1]

Footnotes

[1] The scope of jobs after completing the CCNA course |

I'm still deciding my career and seriously considering CCNA tech. Will my job be taken over by a robot anytime soon?

Answer

Of course ,  especially with new network technologies like “SDN” it will decrease the dependence on network engineers….you can read the following report from “telegraph newspaper”

Robots will have taken over most jobs within 30 years leaving humanity facing its 'biggest challenge ever' to find meaning in life when work is no longer necessary, according to experts.

Professor Moshe Vardi, of Rice University, in the US, claims that many middle-class professionals will be outsources to machines within the next few decades leaving workers with more leisure time than they have ever experienced.

Speaking at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in Washington, Prof Moshe said the rise of robots could lead to unemployment rates greater than 50 per cent.

"We are approaching a time when machines will be able to outperform humans at almost any task," said Vardi, a professor in computational engineering.

“Robots are doing more and more jobs that people used to do. Pharmacists, prison guards, boning chicken, bartending, more and more jobs we’re able to mechanise them.

“I believe that society needs to confront this question before it is upon us: If machines are capable of doing almost any work humans can do, what will humans do?

"The question I want to put forward is, 'Does the technology we are developing ultimately benefit mankind?'

Prof Vardi, said existing robotic and AI technologies were already eliminating a growing number of middle-class jobs and claims that pace of advancement in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing.

In December, Nanyang Technological University in Singapore unveiled the most humanlike robot ever created, which will work as a receptionist on campus.

With her soft skin and flowing brunette hair, Nadine does not only meet and greet visitors, smile, make eye contact and shake hands, but she can even recognise past guests and spark up conversation based on previous chats.

Today Airbus and the Joint Robotics Laboratory at the University of Frankfurt, also announced it was developing humanoid robotic technology to perform difficult tasks in aircraft manufacturing.

The company said it would relieve workers of the most dangerous and laborious tasks, allowing them to concentrate on ‘higher value tasks.’

The robots in development can climb ladders and crawl into small spaces and are expected to join the workforce within the next decade.

• Human mini-brains to speed up Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s research

But Prof Vardi is unconvinced that a workforce of humanlike robots will be good for mankind.

"A typical answer is that if machines will do all our work, we will be free to pursue leisure activities," he said.

"I do not find this a promising future, as I do not find the prospect of leisure-only life appealing. That seems to me a dystopia. I believe that work is essential to human well-being.

"We are approaching a time when machines will be able to outperform humans at almost any task"

Professor Moshe Vardi

"Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever, which is finding meaning in life after the end of 'In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread.

"We need to rise to the occasion and meet this challenge before human labor becomes obsolete.”

“What’s different this time is computer scientists are working on building machines that can out compete us in everything we can do. If machines can do all the work or even 50 per cent of the jobs that we used to do, what will people do?".[1]

Footnotes

[1] Robots will take over most jobs within 30 years, experts warn

What is the best way to study CCNA voice?

Answer

With the same way you study CCNA in this article:

Most students who are new to networking find it very difficult to understand and memorize everything they need to know in order to pass (Cisco) exams. Whenever I teach Cisco’s CCNA in the classroom I explain students a little bit how to prepare themselves and how to study.

For CCNA there is a LOT of stuff you have to remember and trying to “brute force” it into your brain is not the best method.

When you want to study (Cisco) networking there are two things you have to learn/achieve:

• Theory: understand how all the different protocols work that run on routers, switches, and other network devices.
• Practical Experience: You have to be able to implement the theory by configuring routers, switches and other network devices.

You can learn about all the different protocols (theory) by reading books, watching videos or joining a classroom course. Practical experience is achieved by getting your hands dirty and configuring network devices.

My experience is that most networking students spend 80% of their time reading books and only 20% on the practical side. The time spent on configurations is mostly “copy/pasting” commands just to “have seen” how it works. This is not a very effective method, let me show you why:

The model above is called the “learning pyramid” and shows different learning methods. To be honest, I’m not entirely sure where this model came from, it’s very old and the percentages that you see are probably far from accurate. The idea of the model is to show the effectiveness of different study techniques. There are 4 “passive” learning methods:

• Lecture
• Reading
• Audio-Visual
• Demonstration

The lecture is on top and probably the most ineffective method of learning. This is where the instructor is standing in front of the classroom explaining things while you only listen. Don’t get me wrong, having an instructor explain material to you is very important but it shouldn’t be too long (30 minutes maximum) because our attention span is very short. Reading is next in the list, where you use a self-study guide to understand everything.

Audio-visual could be a pre-recorded video of an instructor explaining things to you, a good example are my GNS3Vault youtube videos. A demonstration is where an instructor shows you (in real life) how to configure certain things.

These study methods are all passive methods. It’s almost like watching television, you just let the material fly by while you sit or lie down.

The 3 “active” methods are far more interesting:

• Group discussion
• Practice
• Teaching others

Group discussion is something for the classroom, where you discuss with other students about certain topics. Practice is where we configure network devices and in Cisco land we call this “labs”. I’m a big fan of doing labs, labs, labs and MORE labs! A key note here is that I’m not talking about “copy/pasting” commands but REALLY thinking about scenarios, building networks and doing debugs to really find out what is going on. Teaching is very effective as you will find your weaknesses…you can’t explain what you don’t understand. This is especially true when you are standing in front of the classroom with people firing questions at you…you’ll have to know your stuff.

All these active methods have in common that they make you think! It’s not about sitting back and relaxing, you will have to put your brain to work!

My advice to you: spend 20% of your time on reading or watching instructional videos, 80% at doing labs, labs and labs.

So now you know you should be doing labs most of your time. Anything else that is good to know? There’s something about your memory that you should understand, let me show you:

Back in the days, Hermann Ebbinghaus did research on memory (retention) and created something called the forgetting curve. This shows us how fast we forget information if we don’t repeat information. I made up the numbers, it’s just to give you an impression of how your memory works:

• If you learn something and don’t repeat it, after 21 days you will only remember 20% of what you have learned on day 1.
• The more often you review information, the more you will remember. This is because information is moved from your short-term memory to your long-term memory.

How often you should review information and how much you will remember is up to debate and personal experience but I think you get the idea. As you are studying you should create notes so that you can review what you learned before. A very powerful technique to do this is called mindmapping.

A mindmap is a diagram which consists of text, images or relationships between different items. Everything is ordered in a tree-like structure. In the middle of the mindmap you write down your subject. All the topics that have to do with your subject can be written down as a branch of your main subject. Each branch can have multiple branches where the pieces of information are leaves. Mindmaps are great because they show the relationship between different items where notes are just lists…it’s like putting your brain on paper. Here’s an example that I created for Cisco’s CCNA exam (it’s far from complete):

The mindmap above is just to give you an impression of what mindmapping looks like. I think you have learned enough for now…it’s time to put it in action! Go study, create mindmaps, do labs, labs and more labs and if you have any questions just leave a comment below! Let me know what you think of it.[1]

Footnotes

[1] How to study Cisco and Networking | NetworkLessons.com